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Conflict Dynamics Between Artisanal Miners and Host Communities in Matabeleland South, Zimbabwe

Maxine Kundai Tadyanehondo Tadyanehondo, David Makwerere https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8517-4672 [email protected], and Kudakwashe I. MhuriView all authors and affiliations
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https://doi.org/10.1177/15423166261428732

Abstract

This study examined the dynamics of conflict between artisanal small-scale miners and local communities in Matobo District, Matabeleland South Province, Zimbabwe. It used a convergent mixed-methods approach. Data were collected through interviews, questionnaires, and observations. The findings revealed significant conflict between largely unregulated artisanal miners and residents in Matobo. Communities believe the miners are damaging the environment and creating security issues, and they are accused of theft, robbery, sexual assault, and other crimes. The miners contend they earn a decent living and support local livelihoods. This is supported by income data showing that small-scale miners earn substantially from mining activities. Another major source of conflict is the encroachment of miners into the Matobo Hills, a UNESCO World Heritage site of cultural and spiritual importance to the communities. The conflict is intensified by weak policy enforcement and corruption within law enforcement, particularly involving artisanal miners. The study concludes that the ongoing conflict reflects a struggle for survival among groups with competing interests. There is a need to improve policies on shared land use and promote peaceful coexistence among communities.

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Biographies

Maxine Kundai Tadyanehondo obtained a Master's in Public Policy and Governance from Africa University in Zimbabwe.
David Makwerere is a full-time lecturer at Bindura University and an adjunct lecturer in the College of Business, Peace, Leadership and Governance at Africa University in Mutare, Zimbabwe.
Kudakwashe I. Mhuri obtained a Master's in Public Policy and Governance from the University of Zimbabwe and is a lecturer in the Department of Peace and Governance at Bindura University.
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